Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s Granulomatosis): A Case Report

Abstract

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare autoimmune vasculitis affecting the respiratory tract, kidneys, and small-to-medium vessels, posing significant diagnostic challenges. We report a 61-year-old Malaysian man with prolonged fever, weight loss, respiratory symptoms, and otorrhea. Initial treatment for tuberculosis and fungal infection failed to improve his condition.
Extensive investigations revealed elevated inflammatory markers, a positive PR3-ANCA antibody, and histopathological evidence of vasculitis and granulomatous inflammation from a lung biopsy. These findings led to a revised diagnosis of GPA.
This case highlights the need to consider GPA in patients with persistent multisystem symptoms unresponsive to conventional treatment, especially in regions endemic to tuberculosis.